|
|
|
|
This chapter is a review of chemical principles, with particular emphasis on the structure of matter and the interactions between atoms. This review will help the reader to more easily understand the anatomy and physiology of the cell. Many important concepts are introduced, including the structure of the atom, chemical bonds, chemical compounds, (both inorganic and organic), chemical notations, and chemical reactions. Matter is defined as anything that occupies space and has weight. An atom is the simplest unit of matter, and it contains three major types of subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Review of Chapter Objectives (with page no. references to text): 1. Describe an atom and an element. (p. 28) 2. Describe the different ways in which atoms combine to form molecules and compounds. (pp. 30–32) 3. Use chemical notation to symbolize chemical reactions. (p. 33) 4. Distinguish among the three major types of chemical reactions that are important for studying physiology. (p. 33) 5. Describe the pH scale and the role of buffers in body fluids. (pp. 34–35) 6. Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds. (p. 35) 7. Explain how the chemical properties of water make life possible. (p. 35) 8. Describe the physiological roles of inorganic compounds. (p. 34) 9. Discuss the structure and functions of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and high-energy compounds. (pp. 36–45) 10. Describe role of enzymes in metabolism. (pp. 42–43)
|